Melanotan 1, also known as afamelanotide, is a synthetic peptide that stimulates the production of melanin in the skin. It acts as a melanocortin receptor agonist, promoting tanning and pigmentation. Originally developed for the treatment of skin conditions like vitiligo and erythropoietic protoporphyria, Melanotan 1 is also used recreationally to achieve a tanned appearance. It can enhance skin pigmentation more rapidly than natural tanning and provides some protection against UV damage.